Camaraderie (Muwalat) of
the Disbelievers and Supporting Them Against the Muslims Are Amongst the
Nullifiers of Islam According to the Scholars of the Da’wah !
Amongst
the matters of disbelief (kufr) the scholars of the Najdi da’wah and
others took care to mention is: camaraderie (muwalat) of the kuffar.
Thus the imam and mujaddid Muhammad ibn ‘Abdil-Wahhab included it
amongst the ten nullifiers the people of knowledge agreed upon. He said
in “The Ten Nullifiers”:
Eighth: supporting and aiding the mushrikin against the Muslims, due to His statement: “…and whoever allies with them from amongst you, then verily, he is from them.” [5:51]
The
truth is this issue is one of the most important issues worth writing
about, especially with the efforts of many secularists and others to
undermine the Muslim’s loyalty to his nation and din, to dilute his
loyalty or to distribute this loyalty to non-Islamic slogans, national
or tribal. And, praise belongs to Allah, independent research has been
written worthy of reading and consulting. But what concerns us in this
research is the position of the scholars of Najdi da’wah on this
important issues, their interest in it, and detailing the depiction that
is constitutes kufr and what does not in the issue of camaraderie of
the kuffar.
Shaykh Hamad ibn ‘Atiq, from the scholars of the da’wah, said: "As
for opposing the kuffar and the mushrikin, know that Allah obliged that
and stressed its obligation and the prohibition against their homage,
stressing it to the extent there is no ruling in His Book with more
proof or clearer than this after the obligation of tawhid and
prohibition of shirk." [Majmu’h at-Tawhid, p. 183]
The Linguistic and Legal Concept of the Word Muwalat
Muwalat in the language:
Muwalat
comes from (sponser/support)… and muwalat is more encompassing than
tawalli as muwalat is love and the opposite of muwalat is hostility
(mu’adah). And tawali is to give full support and love .
Dr. Muhammad Nu’aym Yasin said: "Muwalat
is derived from wala, which is proximity, closeness, and is opposite of
enmity and the guardian (wali) is the opposite of the enemy (‘adu).
Tawalli is more specific than muwalat, so everyone who falls in tawalli
enters into the concept of muwalat, but not all muwalat enters within
the concept of tawalli. However, tawalli is given several meanings,
including support, and from it is His statement: “Allah only forbids
you from allying with those who have fought you for (your) din, driven
you out of your homes, or supported (others) in doing so. And whoever
allies with them, then it is they who are the wrongdoers.” [60:9]
That is, supporting them. Abu Mansur stated, 'Tawalli is used here in
the sense of support, and the one who does tawalli is the supporter and
helper.'" [Lisan al-‘Arab, v. 3, p. 986]
Tawalli also comes in the sense of turning away and aversion, and from it is His statement: “So do not turn away, persisting in wickedness.” [11:52] That is, turning away from what you are being called towards.
And tawalli comes in the sense of embarking and heading towards something, and from it is His statement: “So he watered (their herd) for them, then withdrew to the shade.” [28:24]
From this it’s clear to us that the meaning of muwalat and tawalli is love, affection, aid, and support.
The Legal (Shar’i) Concept of Muwalat:
A number of scholars have defined the legal meaning for muwalat with various definition, from which we take:
1. Shaykh ‘Abdul-Latif ibn ‘Abdir-Rahman said: "The
foundation of muwalat is love, and the foundation of hostility
(mu’adah) is hatred, and from them the actions of the hearts and limbs
appear from what enters within the reality of muwalat and hostility,
such as support, cordiality, backing, exodus, and so on from actions." [Ad-Durar as-Saniyyah, v. 3, p. 157]
2. Shaykh ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abdil-‘Aziz al-‘Anqari, from the scholars of the da’wah, said: "Muwalat
is endorsement, support, backing, and being content with the actions of
their associates; and this is the general muwalat." [ibid, v. 7, p. 309]
3. And Shaykh ‘Abdul-Latif ibn ‘Abdir-Rahman, once more, divided muwalat into two categories:
First:
absolute muwalat, which is clear kufr, and as such, it is synonymous
with the meaning of tawalli and carries the evidence contained in the
severe prohibition from muwalat of the kuffar and that whoever does so
disbelieves.
Second: specific muwalat, the muwalat of the kuffar for a worldly purpose alongside a sound belief.
[ibid, v. 1, pp. 235-6]
Depictions of Disbelief in the Issue of Muwalat
The scholars have mentioned depictions of muwalat that leads whoever commits it to kufr, including:
1.
For a Muslim to ally with the kafir while sharing the homeland and
fighting alongside him; this is a depiction of disbelief due to His
statement: “…and whoever allies with them from amongst you, then verily, he is from them.” [5:51]
2. Supporting and aiding the kuffar against Muslims.
3. Full imitation of them.
4. Exalting what they are upon of kufr and shirk.
5. Love of their victory and hatred of the Muslims’ victory over them.
6. Calling for the implementation of their kufri legislations.
7. Challenging the rulings of Islam to please them, such as challenging the rulings of hijab, divorce, marriage.
8. Calling for the unity of religions and to not distinguish between the Muslim and kafir due to their religion.
The
Depictions in the Issue of Muwalat that Do Not Constitute Disbelief:
blandishments – minor reliance – honor and reverence – honoring the
kuffar for the sake of worldly interests with no intention of inviting
them to Islam, while believing what they are upon of kufr is falsehood
and detesting it. Although this depiction does not constitute disbelief,
its doer is a sinner and exposing himself to punishment.
The
Statement of the Scholars of Najdi Da’wah Concerning the Issues of
Muwalat of the Mushrikin and Clarifying It Is Amongst the Matters of
Disbelief
1. Shaykh ‘Abdur-Rahman ibn Hasan said in relation
to the issues that nullify tawhid, amongst them being muwalat of the
mushrikin: "The third issue: muwalat of the mushrik, inclining
towards him, supporting him, aiding him with the hand, tongue, or
wealth, as He said, “So never side with the disbelievers.” [28:86] And He said, “He (i.e., Musa) pledged, ‘My Lord! For all Your favors upon me, I will never side with the wicked.’” [28:17] And He said, “Allah
only forbids you from allying with those who have fought you for (your)
din, driven you out of your homes, or supported (others) in doing so.
And whoever allies with them, then it is they who are the wrongdoers.”
[60:9]" [Majmu’ ar-Rasail wal-Masail an-Najdiyyah, v. 4. p. 291]
2.
Shaykh Muhammad ibn ‘Abdil-Latif ibn ‘Abdir-Rahman, from the scholars
of the da’wah, said clarifying the importance of muwalat to Muslims and
enmity towards the disbelievers, and clarifying that Islam will not be
upright except through wala and bara: "Some of the virtuous scholars
said: the fitnah on earth is shirk, and the great corruption is the
mixing of the Muslim with the kafir and the obedient with the
disobedient; thus, at that point, the system of Islam becomes entangled
with others, and the reality of tawhid disappears, the evil of which
Allah fully knows. And so Islam can not be upright, nor can the
commanding of good and the forbiddance of evil be established, and
projecting the knowledge of jihad except through loving and hating for
the sake of Allah, muwalat to His allies, and enmity towards His
enemies. And the verses highlighting that are too many to be counted." [Ad-Durar as-Saniyyah, v. 8, p. 448]
3.
The Shaykh and Mujaddid Muhammad ibn ‘Adil-Wahhab said in clarifying
that a Muslim’s din will not be right except with enmity towards the
people of shirk: "A person’s din will not be right, even if he
singled out Allah (with worship) and left shirk, except with enmity
towards the mushrikin and declaring enmity and hatred towards them." [ibid, v. 8, p. 338]
4.
Shaykh ‘Abdur-Rahman ibn Hasan said, narrating from the imam and
mujaddid, that muwalat towards the believers and enmity towards the
disbelievers is a foundation amongst the foundations of the Islam:
"Our shaykh, the leaders of the Islamic da’wah and caller to the pure
religion: “The foundation and root of the din of Islam is in two
matters: First, the command to worship Allah alone with no partner
attributed to Him, to incite towards that, to ally based upon it, and to
perform takfir of whoever leaves it. Second, warning from shirk in the
worship of Allah, being firm in that, having hostility based on it, and
takfir of whoever performs it.” And those who oppose this are various
types, which he, may Allah have mercy on him, mentioned." [Majmu’ ar-Rasail wal-Masail an-Najdiyyah, v. 4. p. 289]
5.
Shaykh ‘Abdur-Rahman ibn Hasan said, citing the consensus of the
scholars amongst Ahlus-Sunnah concerning the obligation of
disassociating from the mushrikin and that Islam will not be straight
except with it: "The scholars agreed, the Salaf and those who came
after, from the Sahabah and their students and the leading scholars, and
all of Ahlus-Sunnah, that a person is not a Muslim except through being
devoid of major shirk and disassociating from it and whoever performs
it, hating and having enmity towards them." [Ad-Durar as-Saniyyah, v. 11, p. 445]
5. Shaykh ‘Abdur-Rahman ibn Hasan said, citing the
consensus of the scholars amongst Ahlus-Sunnah concerning the obligation
of disassociating from the mushrikin and that Islam will not be
straight except with it: "The scholars agreed, the Salaf and those
who came after, from the Sahabah and their students and the leading
scholars, and all of Ahlus-Sunnah, that a person is not a Muslim except
through being devoid of major shirk and disassociating from it and
whoever performs it, hating and having enmity towards them." [Ad-Durar as-Saniyyah, v. 11, p. 445]
6. Shaykh ‘Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Abdil-Wahhab said: "Imam
ibn al-Qayyim stated, “No one was saved from this shirk except for one
who devoted his tawhid to Allah and drew closer to Him through
abhorrence towards the mushrikin.” So look, may Allah have mercy on you,
to the Imam’s statement clarifying to you that Islam will not be proper
except by opposing the people of shirk, for whoever does not oppose
them, then he is from them, even if he does not perform shirk. And Allah
knows best." [‘Aqidah al–Muwahhidin, p. 234]
7. Shaykh
‘Abdul-Latif ibn ‘Abdir-Rahman ibn Hasan said in clarifying the
obligation of bara from the people of shirk and how that is linked to
the testimony of ‘la ilaha illallah’: "A person can hate shirk and
love tawhid, yet deficiency comes from the lack of bara’ah from the
people of shirk and abandoning muwalat of the people of tawhid and
supporting them. Thus he would be following his whims, entering into
shirk from branches that destroy his din. And what he produced of
neglect of tawhid, its foundations and branches, does not align with the
iman it desires. So he neither loves nor hates for Allah’s sake. Nor
does he ally and oppose for the Majesty of He who created and fashioned
him. And all of this is taken from the testimony that there is nothing
worthy of worship except Allah." [Ad-Durar as-Saniyyah, v. 8, p. 396]
8. Shaykh ‘Abdur-Rahman ibn Hasan said, in his talk about the nullifiers and invalidators of Islam: "The second matter: Wholehearted embrace for those who commit shirk with Allah and affection for Allah’s enemies, as He said, “but
those who embrace disbelief wholeheartedly—they will be condemned by
Allah and suffer a tremendous punishment… Surely Allah never guides the
disbelieving people.” [9:106-7] So whoever does that has nullified his tawhid even if he did not perform shirk himself. He said, “You will never find a people who believe in Allah and the Last Day loyal to those who defy Allah and His Messenger.” [58:22].
Shaykhul-Islam stated, “He informed that he will not find a believer
befriending kafir, and whoever does so is not a believer.” [ibid, v. 12, p. 276]
9. Shaykh Hamad ibn ‘Atiq said: "The
Quran and Sunnah show that if muwalat towards the people of shirk and
submissiveness towards them occurs from a Muslim, he apostatized because
of that. He said, “and whoever allies with them from amongst you, then verily, he is from them.” [5:51] Carefully consider His statement: “…do not sit in that company unless they engage in a different topic, or else you will be like them.” [4:140] The evidence for this is great." [Majmu’ah ar-Rasail wal-Masail, v. 1, p. 745]
10.
Shaykh Sulayman ibn ‘Abdillah, the author of Tayzir al-‘Aziz al-Hamid,
said in response to a question regarding the boundary between the wala
that constitutes kufr and the one that does not: "If the muwalat
occurs while dwelling int heir lands and going out to fight with them,
etc., then the one who does it is ruled with kufr, as He said, “…and whoever allies with them from amongst you, then verily, he is from them.” [5:51] And He said, “He
has already revealed to you in the Book that when you hear Allah’s
revelations being denied or ridiculed, then do not sit in that company
unless they engage in a different topic, or else you will be like them.”
[4:140] And the Prophet (saws) said, “Whoever gathers with the mushrik and lives with him is like him.” And he (saws) said, “I am free from any Muslim living amongst mushrikin.”
Both are reported by Abu Dawud. And if the muwalat towards them is in
the lands of Islam when they come to it, and the like, then this is a
disobedient sinner subject to the threats (mentioned in the texts). And
if their muwalat is for the sake of worldly interests, then he should be
discredited through desertion and correction, and what admonishes his
likes. But if the muwalat is for the sake of their religion, then he is
like them – and whoever loves a people will be raised with them." [Ad-Durar as-Saniyyah, v. 8, pp. 159-160]
11. The verdict
of the Permanent Committee vis-a-vis the wala that is kufr and the wala
that is not: The Fifth Question from Fatwa no. 1/96 :
Q: What is the
boundary governing the muwalat with which a person disbelieves and is
removed from Islam? We hear that whoever ate with a mushrik or sat with
him… or offered an inkwell, that he is a mushrik, while we often deal
with Jews and Christians as a result of their presence and living in one
place.
A: "All praise belongs to Allah and may peace and
blessings descend on the Messenger of Allah, his family, and his
companions. The muwalat of the kuffar which one disbelieves through is
losing them and supporting them against the Muslims, not merely dealing
with them with justice, nor mixing with them or their gatherings to call
them to Islam, nor traveling to them to spread and familiarize them
with Islam." [Fatawa al-Lajnah, ad-Daimah, v. 2, p. 71]
12.
Shaykh Sulayman ibn ‘Abdillah Al ash-Shaykh said in explaining the
danger of muwalat to the mushrikin and that it is one of the nullifiers
of Islam: "If these are the words of Salaf and their emphasis in
opposing the people of innovation and their forbidding to sit with them,
even though they are Muslims, then what do you think of sitting with
the kuffar, the munafiqin, and the arrogant Bedouins, who do not believe
in Allah and His messenger, striving for their interests, defending
them, beautifying their condition although they are between the two: a
kafir or munafiq; and few of them are interested in knowing about
Islam." [Majmu’ah ar-Rasail, pp. 121-2 (‘Alim al-Fawaid)]
13.
Shaykh ‘Abdul-Latif ibn ‘Abdir-Rahman ibn Hasan was asked about whoever
is under the authority of the mushrikin and knows tawhid and acts upon
it, however, he does not have animosity towards them nor departs from
their lands: "This question comes due to a lack of reflection on the
issue and on the intended meaning of tawhid and acting according to it.
Because one can not imagine someone who knows tawhid and acts on it that
does not despise the mushrikin. Whoever does not hate them, then it can
not be said that he knows tawhid and acts according to it. Thus the
question is contradictory. The good question is the key to knowledge,
and I think what you meant to ask was: whoever does not manifest his
animosity and does not separate from them. The issue of manifesting
animosity differs from the issue of having the presence of animosity (in
the heart). For the first, there is an excuse for the weak or fearful
due to His saying, “except if you fear a danger from them.” The
second, there is no alternative, because it enters into kufr bit-taghut;
there is a direct connection between it and between loving Allah and
His messenger that a believer can not do without. Thus whoever disobeys
Allah by abandoning the manifestation of animosity, then he is
disobedient to Allah. If the asl of animosity is in his heart, he will
have the ruling of his likes from the disobedient. If he adds to that
the leaving of hijrah, then he has a share from His statement, “Indeed, those whom the angels take (in death) while wronging themselves.” However, he does not disbelieve, as the ayah is a threat and not takfir." [Ad-Durar as-Saniyyah, v. 8, p. 359]
14.
Shaykh ‘Abdul-Latif ibn ‘Abdir-Rahman ibn Hasan, in clarifying the
depictions of wala that constitute kufr and what does not, said about
residing in the lands of kufr: "It’s not said that mere gathering and
living with them makes one a kafir. Rather, what is meant is that
whoever is unable to move away from the mushrikin and they take him out
with (to fight), then his ruling is death and the taking of his wealth,
not kufr. But if he went out with them to fight the Muslims out of
choice with body and wealth, then there is no doubt his ruling is their
ruling in kufr." [Fatawa al-Aimmah an-Najdiyyah, v. 1, p. 469]
15. Shaykh Muhammad ibn ‘Abdil-Wahhab said: "Indeed,
Islam will not be upright except with animosity towards the people of
shirk; thus if he does not have animosity towards them, he is from them
even if he does not commit shirk." [Ad-Durar as-Saniyyah, v. 1, p. 475]
16. Some of the scholars of the da’wah said in clarifying the depiction of wala that constitutes kufr: "Whoever
aided the mushrikin against the Muslims and helped with his wealth in
order for them to wage war against the Muslims, out of choice,
disbelieved." [ibid, v. 1, p. 476]
17. Shaykh Hamad ibn ‘Atiq said in clarifying the depiction of wala that constitutes kufr: "The
fourth issue (i.e., from the nullifiers): sitting with the mushrikin in
their gatherings of shirk without rejection and disapproval. The proof
is His statement: “He has already revealed to you in the Book that
when you hear Allah’s revelations being denied or ridiculed, then do not
sit in that company unless they engage in a different topic, or else
you will be like them. Surely Allah will gather the hypocrites and
disbelievers all together in Hell.” [4:140] When some of the
scholars of the da’wah were asked concerning the above ayah, they
replied: …the ayah is taken on its apparent meaning that if a man heard
the verses of Allah being disbelieved in and ridiculed and he sat with
the disbelievers and mockers of the verses of Allah without compulsion
and without disapproval and without getting up until they talk about
something else, then he is a kafir like them as that includes approval
of kufr and approval of kufr is kufr." [Majmu’ah at-Tawhid, p. 203]
[Source: Abul-‘Ula ibn Rashid, Dawabit Takfir al-Mu’ayyan]
INSHA'ALLAH TO READ MORE ON THE NULLIFIERS OF ISLAM (NAWAQIDUL ISLAM), CLICK:
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- Actions that Nullify a Muslim’s Belief
- The Third Nullifier !
- Context for the unrestricted Takfeer on 3rd Nullifier !
- “Whoever does not hold the mushrikeen to be disbelievers or..."
- Kuffr of those who assist Kuffaar against Muslims!!!
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- Tawagheet have hundred plus Nullifiers of Islam !!!
- Exclusive Fatwa : Judgement is for HIM and from HIS Shari’ah exclusively !
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