"O Allaah bestow your blessings on our Shaam. O Allaah bestow your blessings on our Yemen." The people said, "O Messenger of Allaah, and our Najd." I think the third time the Prophet (saws) said, "There (in Najd) will occur earthquakes, trials and tribulations, and from their appears the Horn of Satan."
Reported
in al-Bukhaaree [Book of Trials, Chpt. 'The
afflictions will come from the East'
9/166 no. 214 Eng. Trans]
A hadeeth which
has some controversy surrounding it due to
obvious sectarian reasons. A hadeeth which has
been (deliberately) misunderstood by certain
groups of people in order that they may spread
their misguidance and deceive ignorant Muslims.
This because
upon research and investigation and looking to
the words of our early scholars we find that
this hadeeth does not refer to the Najd that is
famously known in Saudi today, but rather it
refers to Iraaq.
About two years
ago I read a book entirely devoted to this
hadeeth entitled, "an-Najd Qarnu ash-Shaytaan". I will quote in general
from what I remember from this book, and refrain
from mentioning precise quotes except from those
references that I have on me.
Amongst the
scholars that are mentioned who referred this
hadeeth to Iraaq were: al-Khattaabee, al-Kirmaanee,
al-Aynee, an-Nawawee, ibn Hajr and others. The
reasons behind this are numerous and clear:
Al-Bukhaaree includes this
hadeeth in the chapter: "The affliction will appear
from the East"
212) From the father of
Saalim: The Prophet (saws) stood up
besides the pulpit (and pointed towards the east) and said:
"Afflictions are there! Afflictions are there! From
where appears the horn of Satan" or he said, "the
horn of the Sun"
213) From ibn Umar that he
said: I heard the Messenger of Allaah (saws) saying while facing the east: "Indeed
Afflictions are there, from where appears the Horn of Satan."
214) The hadeeth of Najd
under discussion.
Similar hadeeth can be found
in Saheeh Muslim (volume 4 no.'s. 6938+). Hadeeth that give
the same meaning can be found in Saheeh Muslim (volume 1 no.'s
83+)
That
the Generality of the Early Trials and
Tribulations arose from the East, many of them
actually in Iraaq itself.
Ibn Hajr al-Asqalaanee said
after quoting the words of al-Khattaabee explaining the
meaning of Qarn (horn), "and others have said that the
People of the East were disbelievers at that time and the
Messenger of Allaah (saws) informed us
that the trials and tribulations would arise from that
direction and it was as he said. And the first of the trials
that arose, arose from the direction of the east and they were
the reason for the splitting of the Muslim ranks, and this is
what Satan loves and delights in. Likewise the innovations
appeared from that direction." [Fath al-Baaree 13/58 in
commentary to the hadeeth of Najd]
Amongst the trials that arose
in Iraaq and the east was the martyrdom of Alee, the martyrdom
of the grandson of the Prophet (saws)
the first battle between the Muslims occurred in Iraaq, and
many more.
Imaam Nawawee mentions that
one of the greatest trials to appear from the East will be the
appearance of the Dajjaal. [Sharh Saheeh Muslim 2/29]
From the innovations that
appeared in the east and specifically Iraaq, was many of the
early deviant sects amongst them the Qadariyyah (as the first
hadeeth in Muslim shows), the Jahmiyyah and their offshoots
etc...
That at the time of the
Prophet (saws) there were 13 places
known as Najd [according to 'Najd Qarnu ash-Shaytaan']
depending on where one was. This because Najd linguistically
means a raised/elevated land. Therefore the Arabs referred to
lands that were elevated with respect to them as Najd. One of
the most commonly referred to areas at that time as Najd was
Iraaq.
The
Najd for those people living in Madeenah in the
direction of the East would be Iraaq.
Ibn Hajr said: "al-Khattaabee
said: 'the najd in the direction of the east, and for the one
who is in Madeenah then his Najd would be the desert of Iraaq
and it's regions [baadiya al-Iraaq wa Nawaaheehaa] for this is
to the east of the People of Madeenah. The basic meaning of
Najd is that which is raised/elevated from the earth in
contravention to al-Gawr for that is what is lower than it.
Tihaamah [the coastal plain along the south-western and
southern shores of the Arabian Peninsula] is entirely al-Gawr
and Mecca is in Tihaamah.'"
Ibn Hajr continues, "by
this [saying of al-Khattaabee] the weakness of the saying of
ad-Daawodee is understood that 'Najd is in the direction of
Iraaq' [min Naahiya al-Iraaq] for he suggests that Najd is a
specific place. This is not the case, rather everything that
is elevated with respect to what adjoins it is called Najd and
the lower area called Gawr." [Fath al-Baaree 13/58-59]
Al-Mubaarakfooree endorses these words in his commentary to Sunan at-Tirmidhee (10/314 no.4212)
Al-Mubaarakfooree endorses these words in his commentary to Sunan at-Tirmidhee (10/314 no.4212)
The Hadeeth
in Saheeh Muslim [4/1505 no.6943]
Saalim bin Abdullaah bin Umar
said: O people of Iraaq, how strange is it that you ask about
the minor sins but commit the major sins? [The killing of al-Husayn]
I heard my father, Abdullaah bin Umar narrating that he heard
the Messenger of Allaah (saws) saying
while pointing his hand to the east: "Indeed the turmoil
would come from this side, from where appear the horns of
Satan and you would strike the necks of one another..."
The
Variations in Wording of the Hadeeth of Najd that Leave no
Doubt Whatsoever as to what it refers to.
The hadeeth of ibn Umar Reported
by Abu Nu'aym in al-Hilya (6/133), "O Allaah bestow
your blessings on our Madeenah, and bestow your blessings on
our Mecca, and bestow your blessings on our Shaam, and bestow
your blessings on our Yemen, and bestow your blessings in our
measuring (fee saa'inaa wa muddinaa)." A person said,
" O Messenger of Allaah and in our Iraaq" and
so he turned away from him and said, "there will occur
earthquakes, trials and tribulations and there will appear the
horn of Satan."
Shu'ayb al-Arna'ut declares
it's isnaad to be saheeh as in his footnotes to 'Sharh as-Sunnah'
(14/206-207 fn. 2) and he too endorses the words of al-Khattaabee
quoted above.
The hadeeth of ibn Umar
reported in at-Tabaraanee in 'al-Awsat' that the Messenger of
Allaah (saws) prayed Fajr and then
faced the people and said, "O Allaah bestow your
blessings on our Madeenah, O Allaah bestow your blessings in
our measuring, O Allaah bestow your blessings in our Shaam and
our Yemen." A person said, "And Iraaq O
Messenger of Allaah?" He said, "from there
arises the horn of Satan and the trials and tribulations would
come like mounting waves."
Ibn Hajr al-Haythamee says in
his 'Mujma az-Zawaa'id' (3/305 - chapter 'collection of du'aas
made for (Madeenah)'): 'its narrators are trustworthy and
precise.'
[This hadeeth could possibly
considered to be the same as b) above, but I have included it
separately due to the slight difference in wording. Allaah
knows best.]
The hadeeth of ibn Abbaas
reported by at-Tabaraanee in 'al-Kabeer' that the Prophet (saws) supplicated and said, "O
Allaah bestow your blessings on our Shaam and Yemen."
A person from amongst the people said, "O Prophet of
Allaah and Iraaq?" He said, "indeed there is
the Horn of Satan, and the trials and tribulations will come
like mounting waves, and indeed harshness/coarseness is in the
east."
Al-Haythamee says: "it's
narrators are trustworthy and precise." (ibid)
The Virtues
of Bani Tameem
Bani Tameem constitute the
majority of the inhabitants of the Najd that is in Saudi
Arabia.
The hadeeth of Saheeh
Bukhaaree reported by Abu Hurayra (RA): "I have loved the
people of the tribe of Bani Tameem, ever since I heard three
things the Messenger of Allaah (saws)
said about them. I heard him saying, 'these people (of the
tribe of Bani Tameem) would stand firm against the Dajjaal.'
When the Saddaqat from that tribe came, the Messenger of
Allaah (saws) said, "these
are the Saddaqat (charitable gifts) of our folk."
Aa'ishah had a slave girl from that tribe, and the Prophet (saws) said to Aa'ishah, 'manumit her
as she is a descendant of Ismaa'eel (as).'"
[Hadeeth no. 2543, 4366 of
al-Fath] Ibn Hajr al-Asqalaanee said, "this hadeeth also
contains a clear mention of the excellence and superiority of
Bani Tameem." [Fath 5/217]
The hadeeth of Ikrimah from
one of the Companions reported in the Musnad of Imaam Ahmad
and in it occurs, "do not say of Bani Tameem anything but
good, for indeed they are the severest of people in attacking
the Dajjaal."
Al-Haythamee says: "its
narrators are those of the Saheeh." [Mujma 10/48 chpt:
What is reported concerning Bani Tameem]
It is not strange that Bani
Tameem would be the most severe against the Dajjaal, because
the tools required to combat him are none but a correct and
firm belief and proper beneficial knowledge. Alhumdulillaah
many of the scholars of Saudi are from the most noble and
skilled scholars on the face of this earth today, firmly upon
the way of our noble Messenger (saws).
This is what Allaah has
allowed me to very quickly put together. And our Lord Most
High Knows best.
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