The
Messenger of Allah (saws) said: “Let the free women, the
virgins, and the menstruating women attend the Eid prayer, and
witness the good and the supplications of the believers. As for the
menstruating women, they should stay away from the Musallah (i.e..
should not participate in the prayer itself).” [Saheeh al-Bukharee
and Saheeh Muslim]
A short description of the Eid Prayer
1 - The Eid Salaah consists of two Raka'ahs. Umar (ra) said: “The traveler’s prayer is two raka'ah; the Adha prayer is two Raka'ah; and the Jumuah prayer is two Rak'ah; this is their full length as came from the Messenger of Allah (saws).” [(saheeh) Musnad Ahmad, Nisa'ee, Baihaqee and others]
2 - The Eid Salaah is not preceded by the adhan (the call to announce the prayer time) or Iqamah (the call to start prayer). Jabir bin Samurah (ra) said: “I prayed the Eid prayer with Allah's Messenger (saws), on more than one occasion, without adhan or Iqamah.” [Saheeh Muslim]
3 - No Sunnah prayer may precede or follow the Eid prayer, except if it is performed in a Masjid instead of a Musallah, in which case one must pray two raka'hs before sitting down. Ibn Abbas (ra) reported: “The Prophet (saws) went out (of his house) on the day of Fitr, prayed two raka'hs and did not pray before or after it.” [Zaad al-Maad (2/443)]
4 - Like any other deed in Islam, the prayer must be preceded with a true intention of worshiping Allah alone in the heart.
5 - The first raka'h (one prayer unit) is initiated with Takbeer al-ihram, followed by the opening supplication.
A short description of the Eid Prayer
1 - The Eid Salaah consists of two Raka'ahs. Umar (ra) said: “The traveler’s prayer is two raka'ah; the Adha prayer is two Raka'ah; and the Jumuah prayer is two Rak'ah; this is their full length as came from the Messenger of Allah (saws).” [(saheeh) Musnad Ahmad, Nisa'ee, Baihaqee and others]
2 - The Eid Salaah is not preceded by the adhan (the call to announce the prayer time) or Iqamah (the call to start prayer). Jabir bin Samurah (ra) said: “I prayed the Eid prayer with Allah's Messenger (saws), on more than one occasion, without adhan or Iqamah.” [Saheeh Muslim]
3 - No Sunnah prayer may precede or follow the Eid prayer, except if it is performed in a Masjid instead of a Musallah, in which case one must pray two raka'hs before sitting down. Ibn Abbas (ra) reported: “The Prophet (saws) went out (of his house) on the day of Fitr, prayed two raka'hs and did not pray before or after it.” [Zaad al-Maad (2/443)]
4 - Like any other deed in Islam, the prayer must be preceded with a true intention of worshiping Allah alone in the heart.
5 - The first raka'h (one prayer unit) is initiated with Takbeer al-ihram, followed by the opening supplication.
6
- Then followed by seven Takbeers in the first raka'h and five more
in the second rak'ah. Aa'ishah (ra)
said: “Allah's Messenger (saws) would say Takbeer in both Fitr and
Adha: seven in the first and five in the second, other than the two
Takbeers of Ruku (bowing).” [(Saheeh) - Abu Dawood (1150) and
others]
7 - After the Takbeer one should recite Ta'awwuth - 'A'uthu billahi min ash-Shaytaan ir-Rajeem' meaning “I seek refuge in Allah from the outcast devil” and Basmallah 'Bismillah ar-Rahmaan ar-Raheem' meaning 'In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.'
8 - Followed by the recitation of Soorah al-Fatihah
9 - Then, the recitation of Soorah al-Qaaf in the first raka'h and the Soorah al-Qamar in the second - OR - Soorah al-Alaa in the first and Soorah al-Ghashiyah in the second. Ibn al-Qayyim (rahimahullah) said: “Both of these have been authentically reported from the action of the Prophet (saws), nothing else is authentic.” [Zaad al-Maad (1/443)] Note: Reciting a Soorah different from the ones mentioned above will too complete the prayer. The remainder of the prayer is performed in the same manner as any other prayer, without any difference.
The Eid Khutbah:
The Sunnah of the Eid Khutbah is that it should be delivered after the Eid Salaah. Ibn Abbas (ra) said: “I attended the Eid with Allah's Messenger (saws), Abu Bakr (ra) Umar (ra) and Uthman (ra); all of them would pray before the Khutbah.” [Saheeh al-Bukharee]
Listening to the Eid Khutbah is not wajib, Abdullah bin as-Sa'ib (ra) reported that he attended the Eid prayer with the Prophet (saws); and when he (saws) finished the prayer, he said: “We shall have a Khutbah; so let whoever wishes to sit for the Khutbah do so, and whoever wishes to leave, may leave.” [(saheeh) Abu Dawood)]
If the Eid falls on a Friday, it becomes optional for men to attend the Jumu'ah prayer. Abu Hurayrah (ra) reported that on such occurrence, the Messenger of Allah (saws) said: “Two Eids have coincided on this day of yours; thus whoever wishes, is exempted from attending the Jumu'ah prayer. Yet, we shall hold it.” [Authenticated by Shaikh al-Albanee in Irwa ul-Ghalil]
It should be noted that if one does not attend the Jumu’ah prayer, then it becomes obligatory on him to offer the Dhuhr prayer.
Eid celebrations are religious occasions, but the joy that occurs on the Eid, has made many people forget or become negligent of the Deen and Islamic regulations. Whilst enjoying and celebrating this great day of Eid one should avoid celebrating the Eid in a way similar to the Kuffar, who overstep Allah's boundaries when they rejoice. They indulge in various acts of disobedience, such as mingling of men and women, wearing improper clothes, dancing, listening to music, drinking alcohol etc. Also, Muslims must avoid performing unjustified practices and Bid'ahs, like spending the night preceding the Eid in extended worship, visiting the graves etc. Finally, We ask Allah to give us the correct understanding of His Deen and make all our worships sincerely for His Face. Ameen!
7 - After the Takbeer one should recite Ta'awwuth - 'A'uthu billahi min ash-Shaytaan ir-Rajeem' meaning “I seek refuge in Allah from the outcast devil” and Basmallah 'Bismillah ar-Rahmaan ar-Raheem' meaning 'In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.'
8 - Followed by the recitation of Soorah al-Fatihah
9 - Then, the recitation of Soorah al-Qaaf in the first raka'h and the Soorah al-Qamar in the second - OR - Soorah al-Alaa in the first and Soorah al-Ghashiyah in the second. Ibn al-Qayyim (rahimahullah) said: “Both of these have been authentically reported from the action of the Prophet (saws), nothing else is authentic.” [Zaad al-Maad (1/443)] Note: Reciting a Soorah different from the ones mentioned above will too complete the prayer. The remainder of the prayer is performed in the same manner as any other prayer, without any difference.
The Eid Khutbah:
The Sunnah of the Eid Khutbah is that it should be delivered after the Eid Salaah. Ibn Abbas (ra) said: “I attended the Eid with Allah's Messenger (saws), Abu Bakr (ra) Umar (ra) and Uthman (ra); all of them would pray before the Khutbah.” [Saheeh al-Bukharee]
Listening to the Eid Khutbah is not wajib, Abdullah bin as-Sa'ib (ra) reported that he attended the Eid prayer with the Prophet (saws); and when he (saws) finished the prayer, he said: “We shall have a Khutbah; so let whoever wishes to sit for the Khutbah do so, and whoever wishes to leave, may leave.” [(saheeh) Abu Dawood)]
If the Eid falls on a Friday, it becomes optional for men to attend the Jumu'ah prayer. Abu Hurayrah (ra) reported that on such occurrence, the Messenger of Allah (saws) said: “Two Eids have coincided on this day of yours; thus whoever wishes, is exempted from attending the Jumu'ah prayer. Yet, we shall hold it.” [Authenticated by Shaikh al-Albanee in Irwa ul-Ghalil]
It should be noted that if one does not attend the Jumu’ah prayer, then it becomes obligatory on him to offer the Dhuhr prayer.
Eid celebrations are religious occasions, but the joy that occurs on the Eid, has made many people forget or become negligent of the Deen and Islamic regulations. Whilst enjoying and celebrating this great day of Eid one should avoid celebrating the Eid in a way similar to the Kuffar, who overstep Allah's boundaries when they rejoice. They indulge in various acts of disobedience, such as mingling of men and women, wearing improper clothes, dancing, listening to music, drinking alcohol etc. Also, Muslims must avoid performing unjustified practices and Bid'ahs, like spending the night preceding the Eid in extended worship, visiting the graves etc. Finally, We ask Allah to give us the correct understanding of His Deen and make all our worships sincerely for His Face. Ameen!
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