Allah says in the Quran, Surah Al-Mai'da verses 78 and 79:
"Those of the children of Israel who went astray were cursed by the
tongue of David, and of Jesus son of Mary. That was because they
rebelled and used to transgress. They restrained not one another
from the wickedness they did. Verily evil was that they used to do!"
And Abu Dawood has narrated about Abdullah Ibn Masoud who reported that
the Prophet Muhammad (saws) said: "The first time deficiency entered the sons of
Israel when the man of them used to meet another man and says to him:
Observe your duty to Allah, and leave what you do, because it is not
allowed for you to do so.
Then the next day he will meet him and
yet he is not restrained to eat, drink and sit with him, and when they
have done so Allah struck the hearts of some of them against the hearts
of others. Then the Prophet (saws) read the four verses:
'Those of the
children of Israel who went astray were cursed by the tongue of David,
and of Jesus son of Mary. That was because they rebelled and used to
transgress. They restrained not one another from the wickedness
they did. Verily evil was that they used to do! You see many of them
making friends with those who disbelieve. Surely ill for them is that
which they themselves send on before them: that Allah will be wroth with
them and in the doom they will abide. If they believe in Allah and
the Prophet and that which is revealed unto him, they would not choose
them for their friends. But many of them are of evil conduct.'
The Prophet (saws) continued to say:
By Allah you have to enjoin good (Maroof) and forbid evil (Munkar),
and hold against the hand of the unjust ruler, and force him on
the truth strongly, or you have to limit him to the truth."
By
this evidence, which is the Hadith commenting on the verse, Allah has prohibited us from remaining silent against the evil, and
He (swt) commanded us to remove it. Allah commanded the Muslims to enjoin Maroof and deny Munkar, and made it a duty upon them to do so.
"Let it be from among you a group who call to the good, enjoin Maroof and deny Munkar."
"You have been the best nation (Ummah) brought
to the people, because you enjoin Maroof and deny Munkar."
(The above two verses in Al-Imran) But Allah does not require this alone from
the Muslims, because He (swt) prohibited them to stay silent against the
Munkar and He (swt) commanded them to remove it, and He (swt) made this as a duty
upon them, and He (swt) made the one who remains silent against the Munkar, as
those who deserve the curse of Allah.
This is because Allah
has cursed the sons of Israel when they kept silent against the
Munkar, and Allah commented on this by saying:
"Verily
evil was that they used to do." In other words, Allah has
condemned the sons of Israel on that action, in order to warn us against
committing a similar action, this indicates that this verse is a
part of the Shari'ah of Islam.
And the Hadith which was narrated
about the Prophet (saws) came to warn us of what the sons of Israel used to
do, that is keeping silent against the Munkar and not committing
themselves towards removing it.
The comment of the Prophet (saws)
after the manifestation of what they used to do was: "By Allah you have
to enjoin Maroof and deny Munkar, and hold against the hand of the
unjust ruler, and force him on the truth strongly. (Or you have to limit
him to the truth)." This indicates that this is a rule from the rules
of Islam, so removing the Munkar is a duty upon Muslims, and keeping
silent against the Munkar is prohibited upon every Muslim, and Allah
will curse the one who neglects this duty as He (swt) cursed the sons of
Israel, as was narrated in another version of this Hadith:
'And He will then curse you, as he cursed them'.
In regards with the way of removing the Munkar, and not remaining
silent when faced with it, the Shari'ah has manifested that in the
Hadith which Muslim narrated about Abi Said Al-Khudari that the Prophet (saws)
said:
"Whoever of you has seen a Munkar let him change it with
his hand, if he can not then by his tongue, and if he can not then by
his heart and this is the weakest Imaan."
And another version says
that: "There is not after that an atom of Imaan", which means that if
the Munkar is not denied in the heart then there is not an atom of Imaan
in the heart of that Muslim.
So if the Muslim is able to remove
the Munkar by his hand, then it is a duty upon him to embark on
removing it by himself, and if he cannot do that, but he can deny it by
his tongue openly and attack it by his words publicly, then he must do
that. If he can not do this by his tongue, then it is a duty upon him to
deny the Munkar in his heart, and he can do this by saying to himself,
for example:
"O my Lord, this is truly a Munkar which doesn't
please you..." But if he does not even do this, then he will be sinful in
the eyes of Allah, and such an action would lead him to disobedience,
because the silence against the Munkar is one of the prohibited acts.
There is no difference between keeping silent about the Munkar which
the citizens do, and the Munkar which the ruler does, since both of them
are acts of silence against the Munkar.
But the act of silence
about the Munkar which the ruler does is much more severe, and the act
of denying it is much more greater, because their divine texts, which
came particularly to encourage denying the Munkar of the ruler, in
addition to the other general texts which demand denying the Munkar in
general.
Al-Hakim has reported in the Hadith narrated by Jabir
that the Prophet (saws) said: "The master of the martyrs is Hamza, and whoever
is killed speaking truth in the court of a tyrant ruler."
It has also been narrated that the Prophet (saws) said: "The best Jihad is the word of truth to an unjust ruler."
Therefore, it is a duty upon the Muslims not to be satisfied with just
enjoining Maroof and denying Munkar, but Islam has made it compulsory
upon them to remove the Munkar by any of the three methods the Hadith
has explained, and it is prohibited for them to stay silent about the
Munkar.
Muslims should be conscious that in remaining silent
about the Munkar, Allah may send punishment and torment to prevail
upon all of them, besides the torment they experience of being ruled by
Kuffr, and of being dominated by the agents of the imperialistic
Kafireen, and by the Fasikeen and the Munafiqeen!
Ahmad has narrated about Adas Ibn Umayra, who said:
"I heard the Prophet (saws) say: 'Allah will not torture the public because of the bad deeds of a
particular people till the public see the Munkar amongst themselves and
they are able to deny it but they don't deny it. If they do this, then
Allah will torture the particular people who have been doing wrong
and the public as well.'"
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