These Sacred Months have been mentioned by Allah, stating:
“Verily, the
number of months with Allah is twelve months (in a year), so was it ordained by
Allah on the Day when He created the heavens and the earth; of them four are
Sacred (i.e. the 1st, the 7th, the 11th and the 12th months of the Islamic calendar).
That is the right religion, so wrong not yourselves therein.” [9:36]
And within the Sunnah its been narrated from Abu Bakrah (ra) that the Prophet (saws) said:
“The year is twelve months, of which four are sacred: three consecutive months, Dhu’l-Qa’dah, Dhu’l-Hijjah and Muharram, and Rajab Mudar which comes between Jumaada and Sha’baan.” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
These Islamic Months are meant to be Sacred due to two main reasons:
1- Because initiating any fight therein is forbidden, unless initiated by the enemy themselves,
2- Because transgression of the sacred limits therein is worse than at any other time.
And for these reasons, committing sins during these Sacred Months is more forbidden than in general, as Allah said:
“...wrong not yourselves therein...” [9:36]
Imam Al-Sa’di further explains this part of the Ayah (p. 373):
'In the phrase “...wrong not yourselves therein...”, the pronoun may be understood as referring to twelve months. Allah states that He has made them a measure of time for His slaves, which they may use for worshipping Him, and thank Allah for His blessings, and they serve the interests of His slaves, so beware of wronging yourselves therein.
The pronoun may also be understood as referring to the four sacred months, and this forbids them to wrong themselves in those months in particular, as well as it being forbidden to do wrong at all times, because it is more forbidden at this time, but it is worse at this time than at others.'
And within the Sunnah its been narrated from Abu Bakrah (ra) that the Prophet (saws) said:
“The year is twelve months, of which four are sacred: three consecutive months, Dhu’l-Qa’dah, Dhu’l-Hijjah and Muharram, and Rajab Mudar which comes between Jumaada and Sha’baan.” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
These Islamic Months are meant to be Sacred due to two main reasons:
1- Because initiating any fight therein is forbidden, unless initiated by the enemy themselves,
2- Because transgression of the sacred limits therein is worse than at any other time.
And for these reasons, committing sins during these Sacred Months is more forbidden than in general, as Allah said:
“...wrong not yourselves therein...” [9:36]
Imam Al-Sa’di further explains this part of the Ayah (p. 373):
'In the phrase “...wrong not yourselves therein...”, the pronoun may be understood as referring to twelve months. Allah states that He has made them a measure of time for His slaves, which they may use for worshipping Him, and thank Allah for His blessings, and they serve the interests of His slaves, so beware of wronging yourselves therein.
The pronoun may also be understood as referring to the four sacred months, and this forbids them to wrong themselves in those months in particular, as well as it being forbidden to do wrong at all times, because it is more forbidden at this time, but it is worse at this time than at others.'