Imaam Ibn Katheer said: “In
the year 478AH, diseases were many – fever and plague in Iraq, the
Hijaaz and Shaam. The wild animals died and thereafter the livestock.
There was fierce black wind and the trees fell. The Khalifah Al-Muqtadi
Bin Amrillaah commanded that enjoining good and forbidding evil be
revived and that the musical instruments be smashed, and thus the plague
ceased.” [Al-Bidayah Wan-Nihayah 16/93]
Question to Imaam Abdul Azeez Bin Baaz:
Is enjoining Good and Forbidding Evil by the hand an obligation on all Muslims, or is it limited to those in authority and their deputies?
Answer:
To stop wrongdoing is obligated on all Muslims according to their ability, because the Messenger (saws) said, “Anyone of you who sees evil (i.e. that which is declared an evil deed by Islam), then let them stop it with their hand; if he cannot, then with his tongue; and if he cannot, then with his heart, and that is the weakest of Imaan.’’ [Muslim, Abu Dawood, at-Tirmidhi and others]
However, stopping evil by the hand must be based on ability and should not result in greater corruption or evil. A man has the right to rectify matters with his hand in his home; a manager has the authority to make changes with the hand within the organization they are responsible for in accordance with the instructions that is given to them; otherwise, people should not change with their hand anything they are not authorized to change. If they do make changes in matters that they have no authority, then this will result in more evil and great corruption between them and the people, and between the people and the state.
In this case they should stop evil with their tongue (by speaking out). They may say: “O Fulaan! Fear Allah! This is not permissible; this is Haraam or this is obligated on you,’’ and clarify it with evidence from Shari’ah.
As for changing matters with the hand, this should be done where one has authority, such as one’s home or those authorized by the ruler such as organizations given permission and authority to enjoin good. They should make changes in accordance with the authority they have been given – in the way prescribed by the Shari’ah, without exceeding their jurisdiction. The same applies to the governor of a city; he should make changes with his hand in accordance with the instructions he has.
Question to Imaam Abdul Azeez Bin Baaz:
Is enjoining Good and Forbidding Evil by the hand an obligation on all Muslims, or is it limited to those in authority and their deputies?
Answer:
To stop wrongdoing is obligated on all Muslims according to their ability, because the Messenger (saws) said, “Anyone of you who sees evil (i.e. that which is declared an evil deed by Islam), then let them stop it with their hand; if he cannot, then with his tongue; and if he cannot, then with his heart, and that is the weakest of Imaan.’’ [Muslim, Abu Dawood, at-Tirmidhi and others]
However, stopping evil by the hand must be based on ability and should not result in greater corruption or evil. A man has the right to rectify matters with his hand in his home; a manager has the authority to make changes with the hand within the organization they are responsible for in accordance with the instructions that is given to them; otherwise, people should not change with their hand anything they are not authorized to change. If they do make changes in matters that they have no authority, then this will result in more evil and great corruption between them and the people, and between the people and the state.
In this case they should stop evil with their tongue (by speaking out). They may say: “O Fulaan! Fear Allah! This is not permissible; this is Haraam or this is obligated on you,’’ and clarify it with evidence from Shari’ah.
As for changing matters with the hand, this should be done where one has authority, such as one’s home or those authorized by the ruler such as organizations given permission and authority to enjoin good. They should make changes in accordance with the authority they have been given – in the way prescribed by the Shari’ah, without exceeding their jurisdiction. The same applies to the governor of a city; he should make changes with his hand in accordance with the instructions he has.
[An Excerpt from Fatawa Ibn Baaz 8/208]
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