بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
الحمد لله وكفى، وسلام على عباده الذين اصطفى
How to treat the one whose apparent is Islam and the one whose apparent is neither Islam nor Kuffr?
As to what follows: I have looked upon what the brother has mentioned
on one of the issues that inflicted many people in going through it
without knowledge, proof or clear evidence from the Sunnah or the
Qur’an. The majority of those going through
this issue are some laymen worshippers that have no knowledge of the
ahkaam, and have no experience in the deadly paths that it may lead them
to. They have no acquaintance of what has been stated and clarified by
the Aimmah of Islam on this issue that is to be discussed by none –
except the Aimmah of knowledge.
These issues have been clarified by ahlul-‘Ilm, and it is sufficient
for us to follow their straight methodology. What they have stated is
enough for us in terms of education and understanding, and we seek
refuge in Allah that we say something without knowledge. These issues
that you have mentioned are not to be spoken about except by the ‘Ulama
who have the understanding, and those whom Allah has given the
understanding, wisdom and decisive speech.
So,
as we are not among the people of (who are qualified to go
through) this issue, and we are not those who send their horses in
(such) races, it is enough for us to follow the methodology of
ahlul-‘Ilm, and mention what they have clarified in this chapter. If the
Hadīth of the Prophet (saws) in which he warns us saying,
“Whoever is asked on some knowledge that he knows and he conceals it,
Allah will bridle him with a bridle of fire,” had not reached us I would
ignore answering this question, but what is not fully realized should
not be fully abandoned.
And regarding the statement: How to treat the one whose apparent is
Islam and the one whose apparent is neither Islam nor Kuffr, and he is
ignorant? And the one whose apparent is Kuffr? And the one whose apparent
is on sin less than Kuffr? And whose slaughtered animal is considered
permissible? And whose slaughtered animal is not permissible? And what
amount of Islam is enough to consider the slaughtered animal
permissible?
So then the answer is: In the Arabian Peninsula, we do not know what
all the people are upon (Islam or Kuffr), but the apparent is that the
majority and many of them are not upon Islam, but we do not judge them
all as Kuffaar because of the possibility of having a Muslim among them.
As to those who are under the rule of the Imaam of Muslimīn the majority
of them are on Islam due to them practicing the apparent Islamic
symbols. Among them there are those who fell into some of the nullifiers
of Islam, which makes him a Kaafir, so we do not judge them as a whole
as in Islam, nor do we judge them as a whole to be in Kuffr, due to what
we have mentioned earlier.
As to those who are not under the rule of the Imaam of Muslimeen,
whoever’s apparent is Islam then he is to be treated as a Muslim in all
of the ahkaam. As for whoever’s apparent is neither Islam nor Kuffr, but
he is an ignorant, we say: This ignorant man, if he has the asl by which
the person enters Islam (disbelieve in the Taghout by not giving it any
worship and believing Allah alone deserves to be worshiped), then he is a
Muslim, even if is ignorant about the details of his Deen as it is not
obligatory upon the general laymen Muslimeen, those who are unable to
know the details of what Allah and His Messenger have ordered. Those who
know the details are those whom Allah has given the ability, such as
the ‘Ulama of the Muslimeen and their leaders, who know the Shari’ah of
Allah and His Messenger from the ahkaam of the Deen. So, what is upon
them (the laymen) is to believe what the Messenger has been sent with, a
general belief, as it was stated by Shaykhul-Islam (Ibn Taymiyyah) in
al-Minhaj (as-Sunnah). If he does not have that asl by which the person
enters Islam, then he is a Kaafir, and his Kuffr is because of abandoning
to learn his Deen; he did not know, learn, or act on it.
Describing him as appearing to be neither on Islam nor on Kuffr has no
meaning to me (i.e. wrong to be described that way), as he has to be
either an ignorant Muslim, or an ignorant Kaafir; and whoever appears to
be on Kuffr, then he is a Kaafir, and whoever appears to be on sins, he is
a sinner, and we do not make takfeer except on those whom Allah and His
Messenger have declared to be Kaafir, after establishing the Hujjah on
him. And regarding the one whose slaughtered animal is permissible, he
is the Muslim, and the one whom his slaughtered animal is not
permissible is the Kaafir and the apostate; who commits Kuffr after his Islam by committing a nullifier from the nullifiers of Islam that takes
the one outside the Millah (of Islam), and we have clarified the hukm
regarding these expressions to the people of Najd.
The most surprising thing is those juhhal (ignorant people) who talk
in the issue of takfeer, and they have not reached in knowledge one tenth
of those whom Shaykh ‘Abdullah Aba Butayn mentioned, that if one of
these is asked in an issue that is related to taharah, selling, or so
on, he would not give a fatwa relying on his own understanding and mind,
but he would search and relate the speech of the ‘Ulama and give a
fatwa according to what they have said. Then, how does he (the ignorant)
rely in this great issue, one of the greatest issues of the Deen and
the most dangerous, on his understanding and mind? How similar is this
night to yesterday, and those (juhhal) dare to give a fatwa in the issue
of takfeer, relying on their minds and understandings, then he took that
from them, and gave fatwa according to it to him who isn’t able to
recite al-Fatihah properly?
[Ad-Durar as-Saniyyah 10/468-472 - By Shaykh Sulayman Ibn Sahman (rahimahUllah)]
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