Friday, February 14, 2014

Ar-Riyaa...

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Allah will account you for your final deed, hence it’s important to ensure that its purely for the sake of Allah. Al-Riyaa is the opposite of Ikhlaas. It’s been mentioned in many places including,
‘Those who do good deeds only to be seen (of men), And refuse Al-Mâ'ûn (small kindnesses e.g. salt, sugar, water, etc.).’ [Maoun: 6-8]

‘And the men on Al­A'râf (the wall) will call unto the men whom they would recognise by their marks, saying: "Of what benefit to you were your great numbers (and hoards of wealth), and your arrogance against Faith?"
[7: 48]

It is very dangerous and one of the main attributes of the Munaafiq. It therefore must be understood much better.

Linguistic meaning of Ar-Riyaa:
It is derived from the word Raa’a – when someone pretends. It is close to the thing you see and what you want people to see. The difference is just one Hamza with Madd. A man is raa’a when he wants other people to see his deeds. Usually you do not want people to see your bad deeds, rather it’s only the good deeds.

Al-Mura’aat is showing off the good deeds.

Ra-a                 -  saw

Raa-a                – show off or target to be seen. Usually this is only for the good deeds.

Al-Ro-ya           –  this is the root of Ar-Riyaa whereas the word raa-a is the original root for them all

Ar-Riyaa            - showing off the good deeds

Al-Fusouq         - showing off the bad deeds.

In Arabic Al-Riyaa is known Al-Sum’ah derived from Sama or seek people to hear his/her good deeds i.e. want to have reputation. Sum’ah is to prevail what is hidden in order foe people to hear about his good deeds. Hence Al-Sum’ah is to make people hear what cannot be seen or is hidden, like the fasting.

Sami’aa             - heard

Sum’ah             - target to be heard.

Riyaa and Sum’ah are cousins.

The most dangerous form of showing off is in the battlefield.

Usuli definition of Ar-Riyaa:
FOR A MUSLIM SHOWING OFF WHAT HE DID FROM THE GOOD DEEDS SEEKING REWARD FROM THE PEOPLE OR STATUS OR SOME BENEFIT.

If it happens in front of the people it is called Riyaa else if he tells them it's called Sum’ah. Both are showing off but one is live the other is telling them without to broadcast live.


Ar-Riyaa is therefore not to do the action for the sake of Allah whereas Sum’ah is to conceal the deed for the sake of Allah but later he makes it known. Shaytaan is always there – he threw out our fathers and mothers from Jannah and now he wants to make us all eligible for Jahannam. Hence always check your sincerity. The good deeds are the most precious things.

The motive behind these is...
‘O you who believe! Do not render in vain your Sadaqah (charity) by reminders of your generosity or by injury, like him who spends his wealth to be seen of men, and he does not believe in Allâh, nor in the Last Day. His likeness is the likeness of a smooth rock on which is a little dust; on it falls heavy rain which leaves it bare. They are not able to do anything with what they have earned. And Allâh does not guide the disbelieving people
’ [2: 264]

This is clear – if you do good deeds do not follow it up with Al-Mann (to speak about) wa Al-Aza (to cause harm because of this).

All showing off is dispraised i.e. mazmoum, whereas not all Sum’ah, it can be praised or dispraised. Because you may want the good deeds to be known in order for the haq to prevail.

In Fath Al-Bari Vol 11 p226 it is narrated that the Messenger Muhammad (pbuh) said: ‘Whoever Sum’ah Allah will make them hear everything about him, and whoever wants to show off his deeds Allah will show him off (i.e. expose him)’

Also in Bukhari – Kitaab ul-Riqaaq Vol 8 Kitaab Al-Riyaa via Jundub Ibn Abdullah and in Muslim, Kitaab Ul-Zuhd, Kitaab of ‘Showing off the good deeds’ via Abdullah Ibn Abbas (ra) No. 2896.

And the Messenger Muhammad (pbuh) warned us about the small Shirk which is Riyaa. And he said that on the day of judgement Allah will make those who do this go to the ones they used to show off to see if they will give them any reward.
The Messenger Muhammad (pbuh) heard someone read the Qur’an loudly and make Zikr loudly and he said ‘Is that the one who wants people to hear him?’ i.e. he praised him. Hence not everything you want people to hear is Sum’ah

You need to see how much your deeds increase or decrease if people see you.

When the Messenger Muhammad (pbuh) was asked about the one who recites he said ‘he is reciting from the heart’

The motive of showing off or Ar-Riyaa’:
1. Upbringing, a man could grow up in a family where everyone shows off. There is a saying that ‘If the head of the household plays the guitar the rest of the people will be playing music or dancing.’
The parents are therefore the first cause. In time it will become part of the personality. The foundation of the Deen is the marriage – have a woman with good Deen and the children will be safe. The Jumhour of the Ulema say that the impact of the father will not begin until the age of puberty, when they will begin to look at the father.

The first hadith is from Kitab Un-Nikah – Abu Daoud No. 2047 from Abu Hurairah (ra) that ‘choose a woman with good Deen’, the next one is from Tirmidhi No. 1085 Abu Abdul Rehman.

2. The second reason for people having this disease are bad friends.
Abu Daoud collected a hadith from Abu Hurairah (ra) that the Messenger Muhammad (pbuh) said ‘A man is on the Deen of his friend, so be careful who your friends are’

3. They do not know Allah properly, his names and attributes and what your relationship with Allah should be. The one who thinks that he got the ne’aam himself is wrong because Allah gives all the ne’aam. Hence Allah says in the Qur’an:

‘Know Laa Ilaaha Illalah’ – this came in the imperative form. The lack of knowing it is the cause of Riyaa.

4. Seeking leadership or position is the cause of Riyaa. The striving of it will make him do certain things for him to be appointed. The MP’s are usually like this.
‘And try orphans (as regards their intelligence) until they reach the age of marriage; if then you find sound judgement in them, release their property to them, but consume it not wastefully, and hastily fearing that they should grow up, and whoever amongst guardians is rich, he should take no wages, but if he is poor, let him have for himself what is just and reasonable (according to his work). And when you release their property to them, take witness in their presence; and Allâh is All­Sufficient in taking account’ [4: 6]

5. Greed – if someone starts to try to get what the people have so that people will like him and give him what they have. Hence the Bedouin who came and asked the Messenger Muhammad (pbuh) – Bukhari and Muslim – Abu Musa Al-Ashari ‘a man may fight for booty or position or to be seen to be brave etc…’ and the Messenger Muhammad (pbuh) said only the one who fights for the sake of Allah is fighting fee sabeelilllah.

6. Praise – for people to like or love you. If they do not praise you will feel less respect. You will do all the good deeds just to be praised but you will lose all the reward.

7. Because people are impressed with him and keep praising him in his face. So the hadith says ‘throw sand in his face’ the way the Bedouins used to do or stop him. Hence the Messenger Muhammad (pbuh) was worried about this and he said ‘I am Abdullah, do not elevate me the way that the people praised the Prophets before’ he never accepted anyone to stand for him either.

8. Fear from people could say about you. You could be the only one without an exciting story. You will therefore be worried what the people may say. Your children may do so to get one-up-man-ship.
‘They may hide (their crimes) from men, but they cannot hide (them) from Allâh, for He is with them (by His Knowledge), when they plot by night in words that He does not approve, And Allâh ever encompasses what they do.’ [4: 108]

9. Fear from accountability could make someone show off. He doesn’t want to be told he didn’t do the deed. In the end he will start to show off. He wants to cover up his own laziness by showing.
Aisha (ra) said that he Messenger Muhammad (pbuh) said ‘The kindness was never joined with any good thing but made it praised and the kindness was never absent from a deed but it made it dispraised’ the Messenger Muhammad (pbuh) said to Aisha (ra), even if he was in charge of responsibility. Whereas Aisha (ra) was saying ‘just order them.’

Someone could say ‘Eat!’ or ‘Please join us in food’ etc…your Muslim brother could be in a valley not the same as you. Hence to maintain the brotherhood is very important.

10. Ignorance about the consequences of showing off. For example a person may want people to see or hear about a certain thing but could become a bad character for him. Ignorance will make him do so again and the people will leave them after them.

The attributes of those who show off:
1. Do a lot of activities of praised and zero if dispraised. A person who faces this should correct it straight away. The way to deal with this is to sleep among them and talk with the brothers etc…sometimes years later you may recall a deed and you will lose it's reward back-dated.

To multiply the deeds with effort.

2. When you are with then people your deeds increase and when you are alone they decrease. Alone you do not pray properly whereas with the people you do too much.
Both these two signs are mentioned in a Hadith Maoquf – from Imaam Ali (ra) ‘the signs for the one who shows off: becomes lazy if he is alone and active with the people and will increase deeds when people praise him and decrease them if people dispraise him’ [Collected by Imam Zahabi – Kitaab Al-Qabaa’ir p145]

3. When he is with the people he will not do the haram whereas when he is alone he will do them. This has been mentioned in one hadith of the Messenger Muhammad (pbuh) when he said [as collected in Albaani 33904 and also in Ibn Majah, Kitab Al-Zuhd Vol 2 p1418 from Thawban]

‘I am aware of people in my Ummah who will come with good deeds like the mountain of Tahamah but Allah will make it all vanish, they are your brothers (so close) and they wake up all the night like you, but if they are alone they violate all the haram’ – like to commit all the haram.

The good Muslim is the one who speaks to himself – he will say ‘why did you do so and so’

Effect of this on the Daiees:
1. Allah will make us ineligible for guidance and success.
‘And those who disbelieve say: "Why is not a sign sent down to him (Muhammad) from his Lord?" Say: "Verily, Allâh sends astray whom He wills and guides unto Himself those who turn to Him in repentance."
’ [Ra’d: 27]

‘He (Allah) has ordained for you the same religion (Islam) which He ordained for Nuh (Noah), and that which We have inspired in you (O Muhammad), and that which We ordained for Ibrahim (Abraham), Musa (Mosesy) and 'Iesa (Jesus) saying you should establish religion (i.e. to do what it orders you to do practically), and make no divisions in it (religion) (i.e. various sects in religion). Intolerable for the Mushrikun , is that to which you (O Muhammad) call them. Allâh chooses for Himself whom He wills, and guides unto Himself who turns to Him in repentance and in obedience.’ [Shura: 13] 

‘And (remember) when Mûsa (Moses) said to his people: "O my people! Why do you hurt me while you know certainly that I am the Messenger of Allah to you? So when they turned away (from the Path of Allah), Allah turned their hearts away (from the Right Path). And Allah guides not the people who are Fasiqun (rebellious, disobedient to Allah).’ [Saff: 5]

2. Psychological confusion and short temper. Will be worried what the people say about him. Allah says.
‘"But whosoever turns away from My Reminder (i.e. neither believes in this Qur'ân nor acts on its orders, etc.) verily, for him is a life of hardship, and We shall raise him up blind on the Day of Resurrection’ [20: 124]

3. Allah will remove the fear or awe of the people or their respect from him. Hence Allah says:
‘See you not that to Allâh prostrates whoever is in the heavens and whoever is on the earth, and the sun, and the moon, and the stars, and the mountains, and the trees, and Ad-Dawâb (moving living creatures, beasts, etc.), and many of mankind? But there are many (men) on whom the punishment is justified. And whomsoever Allâh disgraces, none can honour him. Verily! Allâh does what He wills.’ [Hajj: 18]

This matter is clear among the Muslims. The Ulema are always keen to do things only for Allah.

Omar bin Al-Khattaab (ra) said – in hadith of Abu Musa Al-Ashari – ‘the one whose niyyah is for the sake of Allah, Allah will make his relationship with the people more respectful.’ Even the Kuffar will have fear.


4. People start to leave him and not bother what he says.

5. Will make the action incomplete. If he wants to piant he will just do it as an image.
‘They took to flight because of their) arrogance in the land and their plotting of evil. But the evil plot encompasses only him who makes it. Then, can they expect anything (else), but the Sunnah (way of dealing) of the peoples of old? So no change will you find in Allâh's Sunnah (way of dealing), and no turning off will you find in Allâh's Sunnah (way of dealing).’ [35: 43]

‘Verily, the hypocrites seek to deceive Allâh, but it is He Who deceives them.  And when they stand up for As-Salât (the prayer), they stand with laziness and to be seen of men, and they do not remember Allâh but little.’
[4: 142]

6. Allah will expose them in the dunya and the Akhirah.
‘And of mankind there is he whose speech may please you (O Muhammad), in this worldly life, and he calls Allâh to witness as to that which is in his heart, yet he is the most quarrelsome of the opponents. And when he turns away (from you "O Muhammad"), his effort in the land is to make mischief therein and to destroy the crops and the cattle, and Allâh likes not mischief.’
[2: 204-205]

Abdullah Ibn  Amru Bin Al-Aas narrated hadith that the Messenger Muhammad (pbuh) said ‘if you fight for the sake of Allah – Allah will give you the reward on the day of judgement but if you fight to show off to increase your reputation, Allah will expose you publicly –in which situation you fight or are killed, Allah will see you’

7. He will start to have disease of foolishness (Ghuroor) and arrogant (Takabbur). Allah says:
‘Have you not seen those who have changed the Blessings of Allâh into disbelief (by denying Prophet Muhammad and his Message of Islâm), and caused their people to dwell in the house of destruction? Hell, in which they will burn, - and what an evil place to settle in!’ [24: 28-29]

No one will enter Jannah if he has in his heart any arrogance.

8. It will invalidate the action. You will lose the reward. The Riyaa is more dangerous than the faasiq. The latter did what he meant whereas the former did it for the sake of the people.

NB. During crisis the shaytaan will come to them – so this is a topic of Fitan.

‘Say (O Muhammad): "I am only a man like you. It has been inspired to me that your Ilâh (God) is One Ilâh (God i.e. Allâh). So whoever hopes for the Meeting with his Lord, let him work righteousness and associate none as a partner in the worship of his Lord."’ [18: 110]

See ‘They will abide in that (state in the Fire of Hell), and evil indeed will it be that load for them on the Day of Resurrection;’ [20: 111]

‘And We shall turn to whatever deeds they (disbelievers, polytheists, sinners, etc.) did, and We shall make such deeds as scattered floating particles of dust.’ [25: 23]

Ibn Majah – Kitab Al-Zuhd 1405 is about Riyaa negating all your deeds.

9. Severe punishment in the hereafter.
‘O you who believe! Ward off from yourselves and your families a Fire (Hell) whose fuel is men and stones, over which are (appointed) angels stern (and) severe, who disobey not, (from executing) the Commands they receive from Allâh, but do that which they are commanded.’ [66: 6]

Hadith: On the day of judgement a man will be tied like a donkey and go round and round a grinder and the people will say ‘Didn‘t you used to command good and forbid evil?’ ‘yes, but I used to not do it myself’

The cure of Riyaa and Sum’ah:

1. Remember the consequences of Riyaa and Sum’ah in this life and hereafter.

2. Keep away from the bad influence.

3. Know Laa Ilaaha Illalah – be aware about Allah.

4. When people react because of Fitrah – everyone starts to talk about what he is doing. Do it without to show off.

5. To be kind in everything. The one who is in charge should be kind with his people.

6. To adopt the Islamic character in all your behaviour all the time.

7. To study about what happened to those that show off to get lesson.

8. Keep studying and listening to the shari'ah and read all the ahkaam which will stop you from riyaa.

9. Discover own defections first.

10. Depend on Allah alone and ask him to show you the way and to remove the riyaa from you. The Messenger Muhammad (pbuh) made kutbah and said ‘O people fear from the Riyaa it is more hidden than the footsteps of the ant’ and they asked about protection from it if it is so hidden and he said ‘Say O Allah we seek refuge from doing shirk on something we know and from doing it in something we do not know’ [Hadith in Ahmed]

11. Remember that everything that happens in this life is destined. Whether around you or upon you and you cannot benefit yourself or harm yourself.
See ‘Verily, those whom you call upon besides Allâh are slaves like you. So call upon them and let them answer you if you are truthful.’ [7: 194]

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